Linear shadings
In PVsyst, "linear shadings" refer to shading losses caused by obstacles visible on the PV arrays, described by the shading factor.
Linear shading loss is the sum of losses on the beam component (according to the shading factor), diffuse irradiance (with a constant shading factor), and albedo (with a constant shading factor).
This corresponds to the irradiance deficit on the collectors due to obstacles. It is calculated for the entire orientation (i.e., all 3D fields attached).